The need for attention to data security came about largely because of past abuses that occurred in many places in healthcare. While regulations associated with the Security Rule have been part of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) since it was enacted in 1996, they were modified and enhanced with enactment of the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH Act) of 2009. Additional changes to HIPAA, known as the Final Rule, were announced in January 2013 and signed into law in February 2013.
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